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By Marina Villeneuve

The Associated Press

ALBANY, N.Y. 鈥� New York looks poised to become the next place to give a huge subsidy to a professional sports venue, despite questions about whether the civic pride of having a team justifies giving so much public money to a private business.

Gov. Kathy Hochul last week proposed a deal that would give the Buffalo Bills $850 million in public funds to help the team build a new $1.4 billion stadium. In return, the Bills would agree to play in Buffalo鈥檚 suburbs for at least 30 years.

The deal, which still needs approval from the New York State Legislature, immediately renewed a debate about governments鈥� role in supporting privately-owned businesses.

Just three years ago, a deal that would have given Amazon nearly $3 billion in tax breaks and other incentives to build a headquarters for 25,000 workers in New York City聽fell apart amid backlash聽from activists and progressive politicians who called it a giant corporate giveaway.

Some similar criticism rolled in over the Bills deal.

State Assemblymember Ron T. Kim, a Queens Democrat, used a curse word on Twitter to refer to the proposal. Sochie Nnaemeka, the director of the influential Working Families Party, called the deal 鈥渁 continuation of trickle-down economic development schemes that have enriched wealthy investors on the backs of Black, brown, and working-class communities.鈥�

U.S. Rep. Thomas Suozzi, a Long Island Democrat running against Hochul, said he supported the idea of a new Bills stadium, but that it could be built without New Yorkers needing to 鈥渇ork over their tax dollars to help a billionaire donor get even richer.鈥�

A few barbs came from the right, too.

鈥淚 like the Bills as much as anyone but this is outrageous,鈥� said Republican state Sen. Mike Martucci, who represents a district in the Catskill Mountains and Hudson Valley. 鈥淩epublicans are often criticized for being buddies with billionaires. What would you call this?鈥�

The deal negotiated by the Hochul administration would require the Bills鈥� owners, billionaires Terry and Kim Pegula, whose fortune is linked to natural gas fracking, to put up around 39 percent of the construction cost.

New York state taxpayers would pay $600 million. Erie County, where the team is located, would contribute $250 million.

Hochul, a western New York native and Bills fan, insisted the deal made good economic sense. She also highlighted the intangible benefits of having pro sports in Buffalo 鈥� a rust belt city that the state has already spent hundreds of millions of dollars reviving following the decline of U.S. manufacturing in the 1970s and 鈥�80s.

It 鈥済oes to our identity,鈥� she told reporters Monday.

鈥淲e are known globally for being the home of the Buffalo Bills, and it鈥檚 part of our local psyche, and it makes us so proud,鈥� Hochul said. 鈥淭hat鈥檚 not quantifiable.鈥�

That, probably more than anything else, is what has prompted numerous cities and states to put up big bucks for sports arena projects, either to keep teams from moving or luring them away from elsewhere.

Nevada poured $750 million into a new stadium to get the NFL鈥檚 Raiders to move from Oakland last year. In Atlanta, the Falcons鈥� owner said he鈥檚 expecting to get as much as $700 million in public dollars from future tax revenues over coming decades as part of the deal struck to build the $1.5 billion Mercedes-Benz Stadium.

A number of cities and states have聽poured public money into arena deals, even to replace venues that are still relatively new.

New England Patriots owner Robert Kraft bucked the trend of taxpayer support by privately funding his new stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts 鈥� after exploring plans to move the team to Boston; Rhode Island; and Hartford, Connecticut.

A more comparable market to Buffalo is Jacksonville, Florida, where the Jaguars鈥� TIAA Bank Field was built on part of the former Gator Bowl Stadium in 1995 at a cost of $134 million (about $368 million in today鈥檚 dollars), with 45 percent of that money coming from the city. Last year, Jaguars owner Shad Khan unveiled a $450 million plan to redevelop the area around the stadium, with taxpayers providing $233 million in investments and incentives.

The promise of economic development tied to sports has also led numerous small cities and counties to invest public dollars in minor league teams.

Public officials often argue that the amount of tax dollars spent will be eclipsed be revenue brought in by a team (including taxes on player salaries), jobs created and tourism dollars spent.

That argument doesn鈥檛 carry much weight with economists, who say decades of research shows sports stadiums don鈥檛 do much to boost a local economy.

鈥淭his is one of those topics where you have almost universal agreement among economists: that stadiums really do not bring a significant financial benefit to the cities that house them,鈥� said Michael Leeds, an economics professor at Temple University.

Sports teams do bring in out-of-town fans who patronize local hotels and restaurants, but the jobs created and tax revenue generated rarely come close to the rosy projections, experts say.

鈥淲e don鈥檛 want to kid ourselves,鈥� Leeds said. 鈥淲hat they do bring is very limited geographically and very limited financially.鈥�

Buffalo, the NFL鈥檚 second-smallest market, does draw some out-of-state fans, with southern Ontario, Canada, making up more than 15 percent of its season-ticket base.

New York鈥檚 Assembly and Senate leaders, whose approval is needed for public financing on the Bills deal, have so far been silent, but Hochul looked to have gotten support from at least some top Democrats. Senate Majority Leader Crystal Peoples-Stokes praised the deal and called it a 鈥渙nce-in-a-generation opportunity for advancement.鈥�

Pegula Sports and Entertainment executive Ron Raccuia, who represented the Bills in negotiations with the state and county, called the deal a 鈥済ood investment for everyone.鈥�

鈥淲e are very thankful that the governor and county executive showed the leadership that they did,鈥� he said. 鈥淏ut I think people need to realize that we contribute a lot from a tax standpoint. Every dollar that goes into this stadium will be paid back.鈥�

John Kaehny, executive director of the government-reform group Reinvent Albany, said that while some downstate progressives were opposed to public funding for a Bills stadium as 鈥渁 gross corporate handout,鈥� they might lack the political traction to block the deal.

Editor鈥檚 note: AP sportswriter John Wawrow contributed to this report.